Malaysian Philharmonic Orchestra

THE INSTRUMENTS OF AN ORCHESTRA

Since the early years of the 20th century the orchestra has been arranged with the first and second violins to the left of the conductor. The violas, in turn, are seated next to them. Traditionally, the cellos are situated to the conductor’s right, with double basses behind them. Although the MPO adheres to this pattern, it's not necessarily follwed by all orchestras or conductors. Indeed, other seating plans are also adopted depending on the repertoire and the composer’s directions

There are four basic types of string instruments, all of which comprise strings stretched over a wooden box and played, usually, with a bow. Sometimes string players are asked to pluck the strings with their fingers; this method of playing is called pizzicato.

“The cello is like a beautiful woman; slender, subtle and graceful” (Pablo Casals 1876-1973)

The name is an abbreviation of violoncello, which shows it is related to the violin. Considerably larger than the viola – the instrument is held between the knees and supported by an adjustable spike which reaches down to the floor. Its four strings are tuned an octave lower than those of the viola.